Demographic developments in western Europe facilitated this “colonization.” The settlers—assured of non-public liberty, fixed rents, plus some evaluate of self-administration and running under the so-referred to as German Law—founded new villages and towns or reorganized previous ones. Cities acquired formal charters (Wrocław in 1242, Poznań in 1253, Kraków in 1257) https://polawedee.tumblr.com/